Oil distilling and refining apparatus.



1. s. (105111111. OIL DISTILLIN'G AND REFINING APPARATUS.

AIPPLIOATION FILED JUNE 2, 1908.

Patented Jan. 10, 1911.

m n M m m E 6 M a w m U m M A HJ m J J. S. GOSDEN. OIL DISTILLING AN'D RBPINING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, 1908.

Patented J an. 10, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

in eases J. s. cosnm I OIL DISTILLING ANDIREFINING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION 21mm mm 2, 190a.

Patented Jan. 10, 1911.

a sunnw-snxzm a.

- Invento T.

fliltorney .rosnuas. cosnn v, or sionnan'r, ox nanomapj OIL DISTILLING AND REFII N'ING APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern: y

.Be it known that I, JOSHUA S Cosnmv, av citizen, of the United States, residing. at Bigheart, in the county of Osage. and State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Distilling and Refining Apparatus, of which the following ,is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatusfor re fining crude oil' or petroleum, wherein-heat and steam are employed 'to separate the crudejoil into the" fractional distillates, as lubricating oil, cylinder oil, kerosene, gasolens and the like by a process of heatingand condensing; all of which-will be, here-- inafter, fully explained. V

The objects of my invention are: to provide a safe and efficient apparatus for separating petroleum or crude oil into its more importantfractional distillates; to provide continuous distillation; to provide an apparatus easily repaired and cleaned;. and to savetime and expense in producing desired results. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming apart of thisspec1fication,in which: p

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the furnace or heating room, exceptthe upper portion which is partly broken away to disclose interior parts; Fig. 2 is a detail .the upright frames t.

Theefuel (gas) pipes- 41 are supported by thel and 4.

view, in elevation, of a portion hi the heating pipes; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the primary and secondary series of condensers; Fig. 4

is a transverse sectional view, online m m of Fig. 1, of the heating room.

Similar letters re e the several views.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the furnace or heatingv room having a smoke stack B; and having Within said heating room a series of, nearly, horizontal heating.

pipes C, arranged in a convenient -m'anner, preferably, in a vertical seriesfnear each side wall of the heating room and extending, approximately, to the roof of the said room, all of said pipes bein connected by U- shaped end connections and supported by arms secured to theposts W's See Figs.

To prevent scorching, coloring 'the products and coking in the pipes, and-to aid vaporization, .water from a supply, not

" i shown, is forced through the water pipe 0:

i Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 2, 1908. Serial No. 486,316

r to similar partsink See Figs. 1' and 4.

"into the elevated water tank D,and through its outlet pipe 5 with its check valve 1) into the uppermost one of the series 'of heating pipes C, and to indicate the water pressure while the pump is active, the water gage d PatentedJan. 10,191 1 is secured in the top of the water tank D, I

which is provided with'a drain pipe 0 hav-,

ing a check valve 0 try-control the .flow of water therethrough, when draining saidtank. Near said water tank D is located an oil s'upply tank E having'an inlet pipe e and a drain pipe e provided with a check valve e; andto convey the crude oil from said tank E into the heating pipes C, the oil pipe f is provided, havin acheck' valve f to control-the flow of-oil t erethrough, from a source, not deemed necessary, to show.

0 guard further agai gi'- n and coloring the contents" of the heating p1 s C and to prevent them from becoming co ed, orclogged'by defective heat and by.

temporary cessation of operation, the steam injecting pipes are provided, toe usedas required, each of said pipes having one of its ends entering one of the heating pipe connections G and having check valves 9' I p i the other end connecting with a highly.

heated steam boiler, Inot shown, but-understood. To indicate tlfe pressure inss'aid heating pipes, a steam gage i2. is secured toj'the upper end of the steam being connected withthe See Fig. 1. The residii'um' of san clay and asphalt, in thecrude oil incapable of being.

vaporized without excessive heat, passes slowly along through the. said heating pipes piped. is connected. with the under side of one of theU-shaped pipe connections C and with theresiduum tank F, said tank havm adrain pipe 71' which has a check valve 4,

said tank having a pressure gage i to indicate the pressure in thatpart of the.heatressure pipe k, eating plpes C. V

which have a slight downward'inolination,

and, to catch and remove the residuum, the

ing system and to indicate when the tank I is full or the pipe 5 is clog ed.

- To catch the residuum at escaped bein caught by the pipe 71 and tank F, the tank is provided, having aninlet pipe 7', an outlet or drain pipe j, with its check valve .j" and a'pressure gage 7" and to catch still other insoluble matters, as sand, clay, asphalt and the like, the tank H-is provided, hav

' ing an inlet pi e k,;a .-drain pipe is with 'a' check valve k and having 'a pressure gage k 'Lg SeeFigJ. p f

- The residuum pipes i, j and is have a slight;inclination downward to "theirtanks' .which maybe increased to any desired numher, to remove all residuum which being heavier thanthe vapor moves along the in-' nor surface of said heating pipes, and enters the residuum pipes and tanks .which have tinuation of-the heating pipes C and conveys. their vapor contents into the condenserA being the first of a primary-series of condensers A A A A, A A, A, A, A ,'A and A, each of which is connected with the next adjacent one by the connect- J -P P m, m and m; sald condensers belng provlded with draln pipes n, 72. n n n n at, 11 ,119, n,

and a, said pipes having check valves 0, 0 i '0 0 0 0 0", 0, 0 0 and 0 See Fig.

Fig. 3-.

I f 'It will be understood that the number of condensers may be increased as desired, the number shown and descrlbed belng sufiiclent in the present case.

.- To obtain the best results in producing 4 the lighter fractional distillates, as kerosene,

- condensers B B B, B

benzin, gasolene, etc. a secondary series of v g. 7 B5 B7, B? B9: B and BP s lnstalled upon a plane above the said .prlmary serles o condensers. See

f Each condenser in the lower or primary/- series is connected with a like numbered con- -denser of the upper or secondary series, A

of the'lower series being connected with B, ot the upper series, by the vapor pipe P,

condenser. A connected with condenser B by vapor. pipe P, and so on throughout the series. .The condensers of the. upper or see- 4, r 1- ,r m, r r, 1', 1' 1*, and 1' to control their dlscharge. See Fig. 3..

ondary series have drain pipe 9,9 g 9 g, '9 g, g7, g g and 9 having check valves The vapor'pip'es P, P, P ,"P ,and P, have their lowerends extended down into each of the primary or lower condensers in shown in A where the condenser is broken away, an' i indicated in the others by broken lines.

I .1 Each of the upper or secondary series of condensers may have a reservoir of its own A inwhich to dischargeitsjcontents, when it is desired to make fine cuts but. for ordi- I nary purposes their drain pipes may be grouped,fas in'the present case, two or more 7 of their'drain pipes leading the contents of their condensers into' one'storage tank or reservoir,'-as M, N, and O, and Q, R, and .S,

. their contents through cooling boxes, as J, K, and L, or any convenient style or form, each having a usually, having passed densers the lighter vapor The quality 'of the contents drain pipe, J'," H, and L, being shown. See Fig. 3. v

In operation, to prevent the oilin the heating pipes from scorching., and coloring the products, or igniting, water is first introduced into the heating pi es C through the water pipe'a, from asupp y, not shown, through the-tank D andt-he'pipe 6; immediately following the water pe f into the heating pipes C to which heat 1s applied, by means of the fuel pipes '0 and 'v', transforming the crude oil and water within combination of vapors, gravity, which se arate mg a variety of ractional distillates, as lubricating oil, cylinder oil, kerosene and gasolene, the heavier products condensing first and at the higher temperature of near .600 (Fah.), in the first condenser A gradually decreasing in temperature to 80 to 100 (Fah.) in the last A, asthe vapor passes through from first to last of the primary or lower series of condensers A to A. by

of varying specific -means of their connecting pipes m, m m

m*, m, n, m, m", m", and m, where the temperature is reduced to near 100 (Fah.) in the last said condenser.

From the lower or primary series of conpasses up through the vapor pipes and into the up er or sec-. ondary serles of condensers; B B etc.,

.the temperature in said-condensers being slightly lower than .in the corresponding condensers of the lower or primary series, the heavier vaporsretaining heat longer. 7

The drain p1 es of all the condensers, are normally closed exceptthe last one g it being kept open to afford a draft for the vapor to flow, from one condenser into another, through their Figs. 1' and 3. I

l/Vhere fine cuts arenot necessary the" contents of two or more condensers ofeither series may beoombined in one storage tank,

as tank S, which contains heavy lubricating oil, the product of condensers A A, A, and A.

TankQ contains cylinder oil, bein the product of the condensers A, A, A an A;

tank R contains kerosene being the product of condensers'A",'A ,and A; the storage tank M contains a light lubricating 011, being the'prodncts' of condensers B, B. B

and B; the contents of storage tank N is a light. cylinder, floor or wood oil bein the productof condensers B9, B,-B an B; and 'the contents of the storage tank 0 gasolene, being the product of condensers B,- 13 and B See Fig. 3.

of the storage tank S, lubrlcating oil, can be'changed by into it; likewise, the contents ofgstorage the crude oil ,or petroleum is forced through the oil pipe e, the tank E and the pi said pipes into a upon coohng, .formpipe connections, as'shown in .turning' the drain' pipe n" of condenser A tank can be changedvby turning the drain pipe n of the condenser A into it; the same course may be pursued with regard to the storage tanks M, N and O, as the contents of each'condenser differs from the one before and after it. soluble matter requiring more than '600? (FahQ to vaporize passes slowly alon within saidv heating plpes, (on account of 10 their inclination) and is caught in the residuumpipes 2',']' and k and conveyed into the residuum tanks F, G and H. See 'Fig. 1. The residuum being heavier .than the vapor the vapor is crowded out of said tanks to.

the extent that the residuum displaces it.

' The ages 2", j and k' indicate variations 0 pressure in the heating pipes and any stoppage or clogging of the residuum pipes 71, j and k The said tanks should not i 2 be allowed to fill completely before draining ofi' otherwise the application of heat might become necessary. After the refining apparatus is" started and in active service oiland water are forcedinto the heating s stem simultaneously, and nearly continuous and the upper portion of the heating system has a' temperature maintainedat or above 1600" (Fah.)

In case the heating pipes become coked or clogged, or the contents .fall below. the proper temperature from temporary cessar tion of operation, or from any cause, through the pipes g super-heated steam is injected. p Y

The water which is forced into the heating system .is converted into steamftind mingles with the oil vapors, giving them a good wash and improving the color of the products arising therefrom. Said steam- 40 settles as water in the bottom of the condensers, and tanks which are' sufficiently low in temperature to permit the same, and

from said condensers and tanks the water is first drawn off, as waste, then the oil, as the 4 water and oil separate upon condensation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and useful and desire to secure by Letters Patent is V 1. In an apparatus for refining crude oil and petroleum a series of nearlyho'rizontal heating pipes C containing the crude oil and water converting the same into vapor arising-therefrom; a series of primary condensers the first ofthe series being 'con-. nected with said heating pipes, and .each

condenser of said series having a pipe c0n-' necting it with the next adjacent one, ex-

cept the last, to receive the contents of said heating pipes to condense the same into the commercial products of varying degrees or density and gravity; a seconda series of condensers above the plane of sa1d primary.

The residuum or incondensers and receiving. their contents from the primary condensers through pipe connections for making a'lighter variety of products each condenser being provided with a controlled outlet pipe, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for refining crude oil or petroleum; a series of nearly horizontal heating pipes containing the crude oil and water converting the same into vapor arising therefrom; a series. ofprimary condensers the first of the series being connected with said heating pipes, and each condenser of said series having a pipe connecting it with the next adjacent one, except the last, to receive the contents of said heating pipes to condense the sameinto commercial products of varying degrees of density and gravity. a secondary series of condensers above the plane of said primary condensers and receiving their contents from the primary condensers through connecting pipes for making a lighter variety of prodvucts each condenser being provided with a controlled outlet .pipe; a series of residuum tanks having inlet pipes connected with saidheating pipes to receive and remove from said heating pipes the insoluble matter, as described.

v 3. In an apparatus for refining crude oil and petroleum; avseries' of nearly horizontal heating pipes containing the crude oil and water converting the same into vapor aris-- ing therefrom; a series of primary, condensers the first of the series being :connectedwith said heating pipes, and each condenser of the said series having a pipe connecting it with the next adjacent one, ex-

cept the last, to receive the contents of said heating pipes to condense the same into the commercial products of varying degrees of density and gravity; a secondary series of condensers above the plane of the said primary condensers and receiving their contents from the said primary condensers through connecting pipes for making a lighter variety of products each condenser being provided with a controlled outlet pipe; a series of residuum tanks having inlet pipes connected with said heating pipes to receive and remove the residuum matter; a series of steam injectingpipes 9 connected with the said heating pipes to prevent the contentsofsaid pipes from scorching and clogging, as set forth.

'In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two wltn'e'sses.

JOSHUA s. oosnEN.

'Witnesse si J. R. LINDBERG, T. E. Gmsoiv. 

